{ "schema_version": "1.0", "metadata": { "id": "CUB-W-2026-W40", "country": "CUB", "country_name": { "es": "Cuba", "en": "Cuba" }, "title": { "es": "Reporte del clima – Cuba – Semana 40 de 2026 (28 de septiembre – 4 de octubre)", "en": "Climate report – Cuba – Week 40, 2026 (28 September – 4 October)" }, "period": { "type": "W", "key": "2026-W40", "start": "2026-09-28", "end": "2026-10-04", "label": { "es": "Semana 40 de 2026 (28 de septiembre – 4 de octubre)", "en": "Week 40, 2026 (28 September – 4 October)" } }, "issue_date": "2026-10-11", "data_cutoff": "2026-10-04", "status": "final", "version": 1, "baseline": "1991-2020", "languages": [ "es", "en" ], "next_update": "2026-10-21", "authors": [ "ClimaBulletin" ], "license": "CC BY 4.0", "generator": { "name": "weatherreport", "version": "0.1.0", "template_version": 1 } }, "sections": [ { "id": "cover", "number": 0, "title": { "en": "Cover and metadata", "es": "Portada y metadatos" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "title", "sources": [], "type": "text", "text": { "es": "Reporte del clima – Cuba – Semana 40 de 2026 (28 de septiembre – 4 de octubre)", "en": "Climate report – Cuba – Week 40, 2026 (28 September – 4 October)" } }, { "id": "metadata", "sources": [], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "issue_date", "label": { "es": "Fecha de emisión", "en": "Issue date" }, "dtype": "date" }, { "id": "data_cutoff", "label": { "es": "Datos hasta", "en": "Data until" }, "dtype": "date" }, { "id": "status", "label": { "es": "Estado", "en": "Status" }, "dtype": "category" }, { "id": "baseline", "label": { "es": "Periodo de referencia", "en": "Baseline" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "next_update", "label": { "es": "Próxima actualización", "en": "Next update" }, "dtype": "date" } ], "rows": [ { "issue_date": "2026-10-11", "data_cutoff": "2026-10-04", "status": "final", "baseline": "1991-2020", "next_update": "2026-10-21" } ], "categories": { "preliminary": { "es": "Preliminar", "en": "Preliminary" }, "final": { "es": "Final", "en": "Final" } } } ] }, { "id": "synopsis", "number": 1, "title": { "en": "Key messages and climate synopsis", "es": "Mensajes clave y sinopsis climática" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "key_messages", "sources": [ "cpc_temp", "cpc_precip" ], "type": "narrative", "style": "bullets", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "Temperatura media nacional de 27.9 °C (+0.9 °C respecto a 1991–2020): la 3.ª semana 40 más cálida de la serie 1979–2026.", "en": "National mean temperature of 27.9 °C (+0.9 °C relative to 1991–2020): the 3rd warmest week 40 in the 1979–2026 series." }, { "es": "Precipitación nacional de 10.9 mm, 44 % de lo normal: la 10.ª semana 40 más seca de la serie 1979–2026.", "en": "National precipitation of 10.9 mm, 44% of normal: the 10th driest week 40 in the 1979–2026 series." }, { "es": "Condiciones de El Niño de intensidad muy fuerte en el Pacífico ecuatorial (ONI JAS 2026: +2.2 °C).", "en": "El Niño conditions of very strong intensity in the equatorial Pacific (ONI JAS 2026: +2.2 °C)." } ] }, { "id": "dashboard", "sources": [ "cpc_temp", "cpc_precip" ], "type": "kpi", "items": [ { "id": "tmean_national", "label": { "es": "Temperatura media", "en": "Mean temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 27.9, "unit": "°C", "normal": 27.0, "anomaly": 0.9, "category": { "scale": "temperature_anomaly", "id": "slightly_above", "label": { "en": "Slightly above normal", "es": "Ligeramente por encima de la norma" } }, "rank": { "position": 3, "out_of": 48, "order": "warmest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [] } } }, { "id": "tmax_national", "label": { "es": "Temperatura máxima", "en": "Maximum temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 31.3, "unit": "°C", "normal": 30.8, "anomaly": 0.5, "category": { "scale": "temperature_anomaly", "id": "slightly_above", "label": { "en": "Slightly above normal", "es": "Ligeramente por encima de la norma" } }, "rank": { "position": 18, "out_of": 48, "order": "warmest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [ 2004, 2015 ] } } }, { "id": "tmin_national", "label": { "es": "Temperatura mínima", "en": "Minimum temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 24.6, "unit": "°C", "normal": 23.3, "anomaly": 1.3, "category": { "scale": "temperature_anomaly", "id": "above", "label": { "en": "Above normal", "es": "Por encima de la norma" } }, "rank": { "position": 1, "out_of": 48, "order": "warmest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [] } } }, { "id": "precip_national", "label": { "es": "Precipitación", "en": "Precipitation" }, "measure": { "value": 10.9, "unit": "mm", "normal": 24.6, "anomaly": -13.8, "percent_of_normal": 44.2, "category": { "scale": "precipitation_percent_of_normal", "id": "below", "label": { "en": "Below normal", "es": "Menos de lo normal" } }, "rank": { "position": 10, "out_of": 48, "order": "driest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [] } } }, { "id": "records_broken_count", "label": { "es": "Récords de estación", "en": "Station records" }, "measure": { "value": 0.0, "unit": "count" } } ] } ] }, { "id": "drivers", "number": 2, "title": { "en": "Global and regional climate drivers", "es": "Condiciones globales y forzantes climáticos" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "enso_indices", "title": { "es": "Anomalía de temperatura del mar en las regiones Niño (°C)", "en": "Sea-surface temperature anomaly in the Niño regions (°C)" }, "caption": { "es": "Promedio semanal (OISST v2.1)", "en": "Weekly mean (OISST v2.1)" }, "sources": [ "cpc_indices" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "region", "label": { "es": "Región", "en": "Region" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "anomaly_c", "label": { "es": "Anomalía", "en": "Anomaly" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "°C" }, { "id": "change_c", "label": { "es": "Cambio respecto al periodo anterior", "en": "Change from preceding period" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "°C" } ], "rows": [ { "region": "Niño 1+2", "anomaly_c": 5.3, "change_c": 0.6 }, { "region": "Niño 3", "anomaly_c": 4.0, "change_c": 0.1 }, { "region": "Niño 3.4", "anomaly_c": 3.2, "change_c": 0.1 }, { "region": "Niño 4", "anomaly_c": 1.2, "change_c": 0.1 } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "enso_status", "sources": [ "cpc_indices" ], "type": "note", "text": { "es": "Condiciones de El Niño de intensidad muy fuerte: el Índice Oceánico de El Niño (ONI) de JAS 2026 fue de +2.2 °C.", "en": "El Niño conditions of very strong intensity: the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) for JAS 2026 was +2.2 °C." } }, { "id": "nino34_series", "title": { "es": "Anomalía mensual de Niño 3.4, últimos 24 meses (°C)", "en": "Monthly Niño 3.4 anomaly, last 24 months (°C)" }, "sources": [ "cpc_indices" ], "type": "chart", "chart": "bars", "unit": "°C", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/nino34_series.es.png", "format": "png", "language": "es" }, { "path": "figures/nino34_series.en.png", "format": "png", "language": "en" } ], "data": { "month": [ "2024-10", "2024-11", "2024-12", "2025-01", "2025-02", "2025-03", "2025-04", "2025-05", "2025-06", "2025-07", "2025-08", "2025-09", "2025-10", "2025-11", "2025-12", "2026-01", "2026-02", "2026-03", "2026-04", "2026-05", "2026-06", "2026-07", "2026-08", "2026-09" ], "anomaly": [ -0.28, -0.14, -0.62, -0.71, -0.35, 0.1, -0.16, -0.04, 0.04, -0.06, -0.33, -0.44, -0.48, -0.68, -0.61, -0.54, -0.2, 0.03, 0.47, 0.94, 1.55, 2.03, 2.52, 2.84 ] } }, { "id": "mjo_phase_diagram", "title": { "es": "Diagrama de fases de la MJO (OMI en tiempo real)", "en": "MJO phase diagram (real-time OMI)" }, "sources": [ "psl_romi" ], "type": "chart", "chart": "rmm_phase", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/mjo_phase_diagram.es.png", "format": "png", "language": "es" }, { "path": "figures/mjo_phase_diagram.en.png", "format": "png", "language": "en" } ], "data": { "date": [ "2026-09-28", "2026-09-29", "2026-09-30", "2026-10-01", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-03", "2026-10-04" ], "rmm1": [ -0.405, -0.582, -0.703, -0.74, -0.753, -0.806, -0.812 ], "rmm2": [ -0.996, -1.057, -1.031, -0.882, -0.821, -0.823, -0.764 ], "amplitude": [ 1.075, 1.207, 1.248, 1.151, 1.114, 1.152, 1.115 ], "phase": [ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 ] } }, { "id": "drivers_narrative", "sources": [], "type": "narrative", "style": "paragraphs", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "La anomalía de Niño 3.4 fue de +3.20 °C (+0.10 °C respecto al periodo anterior).", "en": "The Niño 3.4 anomaly was +3.20 °C (+0.10 °C relative to the preceding period)." }, { "es": "La MJO estuvo activa en 7 de 7 días, sobre todo en la fase 2 (océano Índico); amplitud media de 1.2.", "en": "The MJO was active on 7 of 7 days, most often in phase 2 (Indian Ocean); mean amplitude 1.2." } ] } ] }, { "id": "precipitation", "number": 3, "title": { "en": "Precipitation", "es": "Precipitación" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "national_summary", "sources": [ "cpc_precip" ], "type": "kpi", "items": [ { "id": "precip_national", "label": { "es": "Precipitación nacional", "en": "National precipitation" }, "measure": { "value": 10.9, "unit": "mm", "normal": 24.6, "anomaly": -13.8, "percent_of_normal": 44.2, "category": { "scale": "precipitation_percent_of_normal", "id": "below", "label": { "en": "Below normal", "es": "Menos de lo normal" } }, "rank": { "position": 10, "out_of": 48, "order": "driest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [] } } } ] }, { "id": "precip_total_map", "title": { "es": "Precipitación acumulada", "en": "Accumulated precipitation" }, "sources": [ "cpc_precip" ], "type": "map", "variable": "precipitation", "unit": "mm", "layout": "single", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/precip_total_map.png", "format": "png" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "precip_percent_normal_map", "title": { "es": "Porcentaje de la precipitación normal (1991–2020)", "en": "Percent of normal precipitation (1991–2020)" }, "sources": [ "cpc_precip" ], "type": "map", "variable": "precipitation_percent_of_normal", "unit": "%", "layout": "single", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/precip_percent_normal_map.png", "format": "png" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "regional_table", "title": { "es": "Precipitación por región", "en": "Precipitation by region" }, "sources": [ "cpc_precip" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "region", "label": { "es": "Región", "en": "Region" }, "dtype": "category" }, { "id": "total_mm", "label": { "es": "Acumulado", "en": "Total" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "mm" }, { "id": "normal_mm", "label": { "es": "Normal", "en": "Normal" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "mm" }, { "id": "percent_difference", "label": { "es": "Diferencia", "en": "Difference" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "%" }, { "id": "category", "label": { "es": "Categoría", "en": "Category" }, "dtype": "category" } ], "rows": [ { "region": "occidente", "total_mm": 17.6, "normal_mm": 21.3, "percent_difference": -17.4, "category": "near_normal" }, { "region": "centro", "total_mm": 12.3, "normal_mm": 27.9, "percent_difference": -55.9, "category": "below" }, { "region": "oriente", "total_mm": 3.5, "normal_mm": 23.6, "percent_difference": -85.1, "category": "much_below" } ], "categories": { "much_below": { "en": "Much below normal", "es": "Mucho menos de lo normal" }, "below": { "en": "Below normal", "es": "Menos de lo normal" }, "near_normal": { "en": "Near normal", "es": "Cercano a lo normal" }, "above": { "en": "Above normal", "es": "Más de lo normal" }, "much_above": { "en": "Much above normal", "es": "Mucho más de lo normal" }, "occidente": { "es": "Occidente", "en": "Western Cuba" }, "centro": { "es": "Centro", "en": "Central Cuba" }, "oriente": { "es": "Oriente", "en": "Eastern Cuba" } } }, { "id": "max_24h_stations", "title": { "es": "Mayores lluvias en 24 horas en estaciones", "en": "Largest 24-hour rainfall at stations" }, "sources": [ "ghcn" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "station", "label": { "es": "Estación", "en": "Station" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "admin1", "label": { "es": "Entidad", "en": "State" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "value_mm", "label": { "es": "Lluvia máxima en 24 h", "en": "Max 24 h rainfall" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "mm" }, { "id": "date", "label": { "es": "Fecha", "en": "Date" }, "dtype": "date" } ], "rows": [ { "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas", "admin1": "Guantánamo", "value_mm": 3.6, "date": "2026-09-30" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "daily_national_series", "title": { "es": "Precipitación diaria promedio nacional", "en": "Daily national mean precipitation" }, "sources": [ "cpc_precip" ], "type": "chart", "chart": "bars", "unit": "mm", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/daily_national_series.es.png", "format": "png", "language": "es" }, { "path": "figures/daily_national_series.en.png", "format": "png", "language": "en" } ] }, { "id": "precipitation_narrative", "sources": [ "cpc_precip" ], "type": "narrative", "style": "paragraphs", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "La precipitación acumulada a nivel nacional fue de 10.9 mm, el 44 % de su promedio 1991–2020 (24.6 mm), categoría «menos de lo normal». Fue la 10.ª semana 40 más seca de la serie 1979–2026.", "en": "National accumulated precipitation was 10.9 mm, 44% of the 1991–2020 average (24.6 mm), category “Below normal”. It was the 10th driest week 40 in the 1979–2026 series." }, { "es": "La región con mayor porcentaje respecto a su normal fue Occidente (83 %) y la de menor porcentaje, Oriente (15 %).", "en": "The region with the highest percentage of normal was Western Cuba (83%) and the lowest was Eastern Cuba (15%)." }, { "es": "El mayor acumulado diario en la malla se estimó el 3 de octubre en Pinar del Río (45.8 mm).", "en": "The largest daily grid-cell total was estimated on 3 October in Pinar del Río (45.8 mm)." } ] } ] }, { "id": "temperature", "number": 4, "title": { "en": "Temperature", "es": "Temperatura" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "tmean.national_summary", "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "kpi", "items": [ { "id": "tmean_national", "label": { "es": "Temperatura media", "en": "Mean temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 27.9, "unit": "°C", "normal": 27.0, "anomaly": 0.9, "category": { "scale": "temperature_anomaly", "id": "slightly_above", "label": { "en": "Slightly above normal", "es": "Ligeramente por encima de la norma" } }, "rank": { "position": 3, "out_of": 48, "order": "warmest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [] } } } ] }, { "id": "tmean.value_map", "title": { "es": "Temperatura media", "en": "Mean temperature" }, "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "map", "variable": "tmean", "unit": "°C", "layout": "single", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/tmean-value_map.png", "format": "png" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "tmean.anomaly_map", "title": { "es": "Anomalía de temperatura media (1991–2020)", "en": "Mean temperature anomaly (1991–2020)" }, "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "map", "variable": "tmean_anomaly", "unit": "°C", "layout": "single", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/tmean-anomaly_map.png", "format": "png" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "tmean.top_positive_anomalies", "title": { "es": "Estaciones con mayor anomalía positiva", "en": "Stations with the largest positive anomaly" }, "sources": [ "ghcn" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "region", "label": { "es": "Región", "en": "Region" }, "dtype": "category" }, { "id": "admin1", "label": { "es": "Entidad", "en": "State" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "station", "label": { "es": "Estación", "en": "Station" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "altitude_m", "label": { "es": "Altitud", "en": "Altitude" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "m" }, { "id": "anomaly_c", "label": { "es": "Anomalía", "en": "Anomaly" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "°C" } ], "rows": [ { "region": "oriente", "admin1": "Guantánamo", "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas", "altitude_m": 16, "anomaly_c": 0.7 } ], "categories": { "occidente": { "es": "Occidente", "en": "Western Cuba" }, "centro": { "es": "Centro", "en": "Central Cuba" }, "oriente": { "es": "Oriente", "en": "Eastern Cuba" } } }, { "id": "tmean.temperature_narrative", "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "narrative", "style": "paragraphs", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "La temperatura media nacional fue de 27.9 °C, 0.9 °C por encima del promedio 1991–2020 (27.0 °C), categoría «ligeramente por encima de la norma». Fue la 3.ª semana 40 más cálida de la serie 1979–2026.", "en": "The national mean temperature was 27.9 °C, 0.9 °C above the 1991–2020 average (27.0 °C), category “Slightly above normal”. It was the 3rd warmest week 40 in the 1979–2026 series." }, { "es": "Por regiones, la mayor anomalía se registró en Oriente (+1.4 °C) y la menor en Occidente (+0.3 °C).", "en": "By region, the largest anomaly was in Eastern Cuba (+1.4 °C) and the smallest in Western Cuba (+0.3 °C)." } ] }, { "id": "tmax.national_summary", "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "kpi", "items": [ { "id": "tmax_national", "label": { "es": "Temperatura máxima", "en": "Maximum temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 31.3, "unit": "°C", "normal": 30.8, "anomaly": 0.5, "category": { "scale": "temperature_anomaly", "id": "slightly_above", "label": { "en": "Slightly above normal", "es": "Ligeramente por encima de la norma" } }, "rank": { "position": 18, "out_of": 48, "order": "warmest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [ 2004, 2015 ] } } } ] }, { "id": "tmax.anomaly_map", "title": { "es": "Anomalía de temperatura máxima (1991–2020)", "en": "Maximum temperature anomaly (1991–2020)" }, "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "map", "variable": "tmax_anomaly", "unit": "°C", "layout": "single", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/tmax-anomaly_map.png", "format": "png" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "tmax.daily_march", "title": { "es": "Marcha diaria de la temperatura máxima nacional", "en": "Daily national maximum temperature" }, "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "chart", "chart": "lines_with_normal", "unit": "°C", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/tmax-daily_march.es.png", "format": "png", "language": "es" }, { "path": "figures/tmax-daily_march.en.png", "format": "png", "language": "en" } ] }, { "id": "tmax.temperature_narrative", "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "narrative", "style": "paragraphs", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "La temperatura máxima nacional fue de 31.3 °C, 0.5 °C por encima del promedio 1991–2020 (30.8 °C), categoría «ligeramente por encima de la norma». Fue la 18.ª semana 40 más cálida de la serie 1979–2026 (empatado con 2004, 2015).", "en": "The national maximum temperature was 31.3 °C, 0.5 °C above the 1991–2020 average (30.8 °C), category “Slightly above normal”. It was the 18th warmest week 40 in the 1979–2026 series (tied with 2004, 2015)." }, { "es": "Por regiones, la mayor anomalía se registró en Oriente (+0.9 °C) y la menor en Occidente (+0.3 °C).", "en": "By region, the largest anomaly was in Eastern Cuba (+0.9 °C) and the smallest in Western Cuba (+0.3 °C)." } ] }, { "id": "tmin.national_summary", "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "kpi", "items": [ { "id": "tmin_national", "label": { "es": "Temperatura mínima", "en": "Minimum temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 24.6, "unit": "°C", "normal": 23.3, "anomaly": 1.3, "category": { "scale": "temperature_anomaly", "id": "above", "label": { "en": "Above normal", "es": "Por encima de la norma" } }, "rank": { "position": 1, "out_of": 48, "order": "warmest", "series_start": 1979, "tied_with": [] } } } ] }, { "id": "tmin.anomaly_map", "title": { "es": "Anomalía de temperatura mínima (1991–2020)", "en": "Minimum temperature anomaly (1991–2020)" }, "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "map", "variable": "tmin_anomaly", "unit": "°C", "layout": "single", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/tmin-anomaly_map.png", "format": "png" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "tmin.daily_march", "title": { "es": "Marcha diaria de la temperatura mínima nacional", "en": "Daily national minimum temperature" }, "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "chart", "chart": "lines_with_normal", "unit": "°C", "assets": [ { "path": "figures/tmin-daily_march.es.png", "format": "png", "language": "es" }, { "path": "figures/tmin-daily_march.en.png", "format": "png", "language": "en" } ] }, { "id": "tmin.temperature_narrative", "sources": [ "cpc_temp" ], "type": "narrative", "style": "paragraphs", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "La temperatura mínima nacional fue de 24.6 °C, 1.3 °C por encima del promedio 1991–2020 (23.3 °C), categoría «por encima de la norma». Fue la semana 40 más cálida de la serie 1979–2026.", "en": "The national minimum temperature was 24.6 °C, 1.3 °C above the 1991–2020 average (23.3 °C), category “Above normal”. It was the warmest week 40 in the 1979–2026 series." }, { "es": "Por regiones, la mayor anomalía se registró en Oriente (+2.0 °C) y la menor en Occidente (+0.4 °C).", "en": "By region, the largest anomaly was in Eastern Cuba (+2.0 °C) and the smallest in Western Cuba (+0.4 °C)." } ] } ] }, { "id": "extremes", "number": 5, "title": { "en": "Climate extremes and records", "es": "Extremos climáticos y récords" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "highlights", "sources": [ "ghcn" ], "type": "kpi", "items": [ { "id": "highest_tmax", "label": { "es": "Temperatura máxima más alta", "en": "Highest maximum temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 33.3, "unit": "°C", "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas, GTM", "observed_on": "2026-09-29" } }, { "id": "lowest_tmin", "label": { "es": "Temperatura mínima más baja", "en": "Lowest minimum temperature" }, "measure": { "value": 24.4, "unit": "°C", "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas, GTM", "observed_on": "2026-09-28" } }, { "id": "max_24h_precip", "label": { "es": "Máxima lluvia en 24 h", "en": "Highest 24 h rainfall" }, "measure": { "value": 3.6, "unit": "mm", "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas, GTM", "observed_on": "2026-09-30" } } ] }, { "id": "admin1_tmax_extremes", "title": { "es": "Temperatura máxima más alta por entidad", "en": "Highest maximum temperature by state" }, "sources": [ "ghcn" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "admin1", "label": { "es": "Entidad", "en": "State" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "station", "label": { "es": "Estación", "en": "Station" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "tmax_c", "label": { "es": "Temperatura", "en": "Temperature" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "°C" }, { "id": "date", "label": { "es": "Fecha", "en": "Date" }, "dtype": "date" } ], "rows": [ { "admin1": "Guantánamo", "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas", "tmax_c": 33.3, "date": "2026-09-29" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "admin1_tmin_extremes", "title": { "es": "Temperatura mínima más baja por entidad", "en": "Lowest minimum temperature by state" }, "sources": [ "ghcn" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "admin1", "label": { "es": "Entidad", "en": "State" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "station", "label": { "es": "Estación", "en": "Station" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "tmin_c", "label": { "es": "Temperatura", "en": "Temperature" }, "dtype": "number", "unit": "°C" }, { "id": "date", "label": { "es": "Fecha", "en": "Date" }, "dtype": "date" } ], "rows": [ { "admin1": "Guantánamo", "station": "Guantanamo Bay Nas", "tmin_c": 24.4, "date": "2026-09-28" } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "etccdi_indices", "title": { "es": "Índices de extremos climáticos (promedio nacional)", "en": "Climate-extremes indices (national mean)" }, "caption": { "es": "Índices de percentil respecto a los percentiles diarios de 1991–2020 (ventana de 5 días); conteos y máximos promediados sobre las celdas del país.", "en": "Percentile indices relative to calendar-day percentiles of 1991–2020 (5-day window); counts and maxima averaged over the country's grid cells." }, "sources": [ "cpc_precip", "cpc_temp" ], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "index", "label": { "es": "Índice", "en": "Index" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "name", "label": { "es": "Descripción", "en": "Description" }, "dtype": "category" }, { "id": "value", "label": { "es": "Valor", "en": "Value" }, "dtype": "number" }, { "id": "normal", "label": { "es": "Normal", "en": "Normal" }, "dtype": "number" }, { "id": "anomaly", "label": { "es": "Diferencia", "en": "Difference" }, "dtype": "number" }, { "id": "unit", "label": { "es": "Unidad", "en": "Unit" }, "dtype": "string" } ], "rows": [ { "index": "TX90p", "name": "TX90p", "value": 18.6, "normal": 10.0, "anomaly": 8.6, "unit": "%" }, { "index": "TN90p", "name": "TN90p", "value": 37.8, "normal": 10.0, "anomaly": 27.8, "unit": "%" }, { "index": "TX10p", "name": "TX10p", "value": 10.0, "normal": 10.0, "anomaly": 0.0, "unit": "%" }, { "index": "TN10p", "name": "TN10p", "value": 5.1, "normal": 10.0, "anomaly": -4.9, "unit": "%" }, { "index": "FD", "name": "FD", "value": 0.0, "normal": 0.0, "anomaly": 0.0, "unit": "d" }, { "index": "SU", "name": "SU", "value": 7.0, "normal": 7.0, "anomaly": 0.0, "unit": "d" }, { "index": "TR", "name": "TR", "value": 7.0, "normal": 6.9, "anomaly": 0.1, "unit": "d" }, { "index": "WSDI", "name": "WSDI", "value": 0.0, "normal": null, "anomaly": null, "unit": "d" }, { "index": "CSDI", "name": "CSDI", "value": 0.0, "normal": null, "anomaly": null, "unit": "d" }, { "index": "Rx1day", "name": "Rx1day", "value": 5.8, "normal": 13.0, "anomaly": -7.2, "unit": "mm" }, { "index": "Rx5day", "name": "Rx5day", "value": 6.9, "normal": 22.7, "anomaly": -15.8, "unit": "mm" }, { "index": "CDD", "name": "CDD", "value": 5.2, "normal": 3.5, "anomaly": 1.7, "unit": "d" }, { "index": "CWD", "name": "CWD", "value": 0.9, "normal": 2.1, "anomaly": -1.2, "unit": "d" } ], "categories": { "TX90p": { "es": "Días cálidos (máxima > percentil 90)", "en": "Warm days (Tmax > 90th percentile)" }, "TN90p": { "es": "Noches cálidas (mínima > percentil 90)", "en": "Warm nights (Tmin > 90th percentile)" }, "TX10p": { "es": "Días frescos (máxima < percentil 10)", "en": "Cool days (Tmax < 10th percentile)" }, "TN10p": { "es": "Noches frías (mínima < percentil 10)", "en": "Cold nights (Tmin < 10th percentile)" }, "FD": { "es": "Días con helada (mínima < 0 °C)", "en": "Frost days (Tmin < 0 °C)" }, "SU": { "es": "Días de verano (máxima > 25 °C)", "en": "Summer days (Tmax > 25 °C)" }, "TR": { "es": "Noches tropicales (mínima > 20 °C)", "en": "Tropical nights (Tmin > 20 °C)" }, "WSDI": { "es": "Días en rachas cálidas (≥ 6 días)", "en": "Warm spell days (≥ 6 days)" }, "CSDI": { "es": "Días en rachas frías (≥ 6 días)", "en": "Cold spell days (≥ 6 days)" }, "Rx1day": { "es": "Lluvia máxima en 1 día", "en": "Maximum 1-day precipitation" }, "Rx5day": { "es": "Lluvia máxima en 5 días", "en": "Maximum 5-day precipitation" }, "CDD": { "es": "Días secos consecutivos (< 1 mm)", "en": "Consecutive dry days (< 1 mm)" }, "CWD": { "es": "Días húmedos consecutivos (≥ 1 mm)", "en": "Consecutive wet days (≥ 1 mm)" } } } ] }, { "id": "drought", "number": 6, "title": { "en": "Drought", "es": "Sequía" }, "blocks": [], "unavailable_reason": { "es": "El SPI se calcula con acumulados mensuales; consulte el reporte mensual más reciente (índice SPI).", "en": "The SPI is computed from monthly totals; see the latest monthly report (SPI)." } }, { "id": "events", "number": 7, "title": { "en": "Severe weather and notable events", "es": "Eventos notables y tiempo severo" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "events_table", "title": { "es": "Eventos notables", "en": "Notable events" }, "caption": { "es": "Alertas de GDACS y lluvias de 150 mm o más en 24 horas en estaciones (tras el control de calidad).", "en": "GDACS alerts and station rainfall of 150 mm or more in 24 hours (after quality control)." }, "sources": [ "gdacs" ], "type": "event_list", "events": [ { "start": "2026-04-21", "end": "2026-10-09", "type": "drought", "admin1": [], "lat": 16.86, "lon": -93.638, "associated_systems": [], "description": { "es": "Alerta Orange de GDACS: Drought in The Bahamas, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Mexico, Nicaragua, El Salvador.", "en": "GDACS Orange alert: Drought in The Bahamas, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Mexico, Nicaragua, El Salvador." }, "references": [ "https://www.gdacs.org/report.aspx?eventid=1027449&episodeid=11&eventtype=DR" ] } ] }, { "id": "events_narrative", "sources": [], "type": "narrative", "style": "paragraphs", "paragraphs": [ { "es": "Ningún ciclón tropical se acercó a menos de 300 km del país.", "en": "No tropical cyclone came within 300 km of the country." } ] } ] }, { "id": "outlook", "number": 9, "title": { "en": "Outlook", "es": "Perspectivas" }, "blocks": [], "unavailable_reason": { "es": "Los reportes semanales aún no incluyen un pronóstico; consulte la perspectiva del reporte mensual más reciente (pronóstico estacional NMME).", "en": "Weekly reports do not include a forecast yet; see the outlook in the latest monthly report (NMME seasonal forecast)." } }, { "id": "reference", "number": 11, "title": { "en": "Glossary, methodology and sources", "es": "Glosario, metodología y fuentes" }, "blocks": [ { "id": "glossary", "sources": [], "type": "text", "text": { "es": "Anomalía: diferencia entre el valor observado y su normal 1991–2020. Porcentaje de lo normal: acumulado observado dividido entre el normal, por 100. Récord de estación: valor diario más extremo del mismo mes en todos los años previos del registro (al menos 20 años).", "en": "Anomaly: difference between the observed value and its 1991–2020 normal. Percent of normal: observed total divided by the normal, times 100. Station record: most extreme daily value for the same month in all earlier years of record (at least 20 years)." } }, { "id": "methodology", "sources": [], "type": "text", "text": { "es": "Temperatura: CPC_TEMP (malla diaria de 0.5°); la temperatura media es (Tmáx + Tmín)/2. Precipitación: CPC. Los promedios nacionales, regionales y estatales se ponderan por el área de cada celda dentro de cada polígono. Las normales corresponden a 1991-2020; la posición en la serie compara valores redondeados a un decimal. Estaciones: GHCN-Daily (NOAA NCEI); se descartan los datos marcados por su control de calidad, los valores diarios a más de 5 desviaciones robustas de la mediana de la estación y las variables cuya anomalía mensual difiere más de 3 °C de la del análisis en malla. Los promedios requieren al menos 80 % de días con datos y las normales de estación al menos 20 años completos. Este reporte se genera automáticamente y no sustituye la información oficial del servicio meteorológico nacional.", "en": "Temperature: CPC_TEMP (0.5° daily grid); mean temperature is (Tmax + Tmin)/2. Precipitation: CPC. National, regional and state averages are weighted by the area of each grid cell inside each polygon. Normals refer to 1991-2020; ranks compare values rounded to one decimal. Stations: GHCN-Daily (NOAA NCEI); values flagged by its quality control are discarded, as are daily values more than 5 robust standard deviations from the station median and variables whose monthly anomaly differs by more than 3 °C from the gridded analysis. Period means require at least 80% of days with data and station normals at least 20 complete years. This report is generated automatically and does not replace official information from the national meteorological service." } }, { "id": "data_sources", "sources": [], "type": "table", "columns": [ { "id": "name", "label": { "es": "Fuente", "en": "Source" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "product", "label": { "es": "Producto", "en": "Product" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "license", "label": { "es": "Licencia", "en": "License" }, "dtype": "string" }, { "id": "citation", "label": { "es": "Cita", "en": "Citation" }, "dtype": "string" } ], "rows": [ { "name": "NOAA CPC", "product": "ONI, Niño-region SST indices (OISST v2.1), NAO and AO", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "NOAA Climate Prediction Center climate indices." }, { "name": "NOAA CPC / PSL", "product": "CPC Global Unified Gauge-Based Analysis of Daily Precipitation, 0.5°", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "CPC Global Unified Precipitation data provided by NOAA PSL, Boulder, CO, USA." }, { "name": "NOAA CPC / PSL", "product": "CPC Global Unified Temperature, daily 0.5°", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "CPC Global Unified Temperature data provided by NOAA PSL, Boulder, CO, USA." }, { "name": "GDACS", "product": "Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System event list", "license": "See provider terms", "citation": null }, { "name": "NOAA NCEI", "product": "GHCN-Daily", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "Menne et al. (2012), J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00103.1" }, { "name": "NOAA NCEI", "product": "IBTrACS v04r01 tropical-cyclone best tracks", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "Knapp et al. (2010), Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1175/2009BAMS2755.1" }, { "name": "NOAA PSL", "product": "Real-time OLR MJO Index (ROMI)", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "Kiladis et al. (2014), Mon. Wea. Rev., doi:10.1175/MWR-D-13-00301.1" }, { "name": "geoBoundaries", "product": "geoBoundaries gbOpen (OpenStreetMap, Wambacher)", "license": "Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0", "citation": null } ], "categories": {} }, { "id": "credits_contact", "sources": [], "type": "text", "text": { "es": "Generado por ClimaBulletin (climabulletin.org), código abierto. Preguntas y comentarios: support@climabulletin.org.", "en": "Generated by ClimaBulletin (climabulletin.org), open source. Questions and comments: support@climabulletin.org." } } ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "cpc_indices", "name": "NOAA CPC", "product": "ONI, Niño-region SST indices (OISST v2.1), NAO and AO", "url": "https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/indices/", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "NOAA Climate Prediction Center climate indices." }, { "id": "cpc_precip", "name": "NOAA CPC / PSL", "product": "CPC Global Unified Gauge-Based Analysis of Daily Precipitation, 0.5°", "url": "https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.cpc.globalprecip.html", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "CPC Global Unified Precipitation data provided by NOAA PSL, Boulder, CO, USA." }, { "id": "cpc_temp", "name": "NOAA CPC / PSL", "product": "CPC Global Unified Temperature, daily 0.5°", "url": "https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.cpc.globaltemp.html", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "CPC Global Unified Temperature data provided by NOAA PSL, Boulder, CO, USA." }, { "id": "gdacs", "name": "GDACS", "product": "Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System event list", "url": "https://www.gdacs.org", "license": "See provider terms" }, { "id": "ghcn", "name": "NOAA NCEI", "product": "GHCN-Daily", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/land-based-station/global-historical-climatology-network-daily", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "Menne et al. (2012), J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00103.1" }, { "id": "ibtracs", "name": "NOAA NCEI", "product": "IBTrACS v04r01 tropical-cyclone best tracks", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/international-best-track-archive", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "Knapp et al. (2010), Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1175/2009BAMS2755.1" }, { "id": "psl_romi", "name": "NOAA PSL", "product": "Real-time OLR MJO Index (ROMI)", "url": "https://psl.noaa.gov/mjo/", "license": "Public domain (NOAA)", "citation": "Kiladis et al. (2014), Mon. Wea. Rev., doi:10.1175/MWR-D-13-00301.1" }, { "id": "geoboundaries", "name": "geoBoundaries", "product": "geoBoundaries gbOpen (OpenStreetMap, Wambacher)", "url": "https://www.geoboundaries.org", "license": "Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0" } ] }